北海

　　beihaishiwoguoxiancunlishizuiyoujiu、baocunzuiwanzhengdehuangjiayuanlinzhiyi，jujinyiyoujinqianniandelishi，zhuyaoyouqionghuadao、donganhebeianjingquzucheng。beihaishuimiankaikuo，huguangtaying，cangsongcuibo，xuanliduozi，youruxianjing。zheilideyuanlinshigenjuwoguogudaishenhuagushi《xiwangmuchuan》zhongmiaoshudexianjingjianzaode，jiyoubeifangyuanlindehongkuoqishi，youyoujiangnansijiayuanlinwanyueduozidefengyun，bingxudiwanggongyuandefulitanghuangjizongjiaosiyuandezhuangyansumu，qixiangwanqianeryouhunranyiti。“hefengwansongcanxiangqi，zhululiangqiaolvyusheng。cuihesanshanlianlangyuan，bohanyijingyanpengying。”congqingqianlonghuangdideshizhongjiukelinglvedaoshuhongjuancui，guifuniaoyue，shangxiatianguangdebeihaidemeilijingzhi。

　　jushishujizai：yuanzailiaodaideshihou，beihaiyidaicengshiyipianpaozhao，ludicongsheng。jindaikaijunhubo，zhujianxingchengyigefengjingqu，chengwei“bailiantan”。bailiantanzhongguangzhilianhua，chizhongbingyangyouyuniao，chenxishebo，chiguangyingtian，lvhehanxiang，yuniaozhongyou，youyoulianzhoujiazaizhongjian，queshiyifujimeidehuamian。zaiqingdaiqianlongnianjian，qianlonghuangdiduiyuanlinjuyoujiqinonghoudexingqu，bujindaguimokuojianbeihai，erqiezaigejingdiantixielezhongduoshiwen。

优发国际app　　juqingshidanganjizai：guanlibeihaideyuancheng、yuanhumeiniandouyaoxianghuangshifengxianyidingshuliangdelianou，yigongyushanfangzhiyong。daoguangnianjian《fengchenyuancaiwulei》jizai“shousanhailianouzheheyinyibailingwuliang”。guangxubanian（1882nian）cixixiazhi：“suoyousanhailianhua、heye、ou，junzhekanguanyanjin，buxuzaidong，yibeishangwan。”dangshicixiyizhuxiyuan，jingchangzhibeihaiyouxing，suoyihuzhongpeizhihehualianoubunengsuiyicaizhai，zhuangongcixiguanshang。《xiaotingzalu》jizai：“yuhesanhaizhuchu，suiyoulianouzhizujunliangdibozheng，yigongneitingzhihuahuizhiyong。”xianghuangshishanggonglianoudeguanli，zhidaoqinghuangshixunweicaigaojieshu。

颐和园 昆明湖

优发国际app　　kunminghucengbeichengzuowengshanbo、xihu。zaozaijindai，huangshijiuzaihubiandewengshan（jinwanshoushan）jianlilexinggong；mingchaozhengdenianjianjiangwengshangengmingwei“jinshan”，wengshanbogaiwei“jinhai”，bingjianyoujinshanxinggong，gonghuangjiaxiangle；qingdaiweiraozheipianshuiyujianchengjushiwenming、guimohongda，xifangrenchengwei“xiagong”deyuanlinshigongdian。

　　kunminghuzhouzhangyue15gongli，mianjiyuewei2.2pingfanggongli，zaibeijingjiaoqumiyunshuikudengjianchengzhiqian，shibeijingchengneiwaizuidadehubo，tahumianguangkuo，shuiseqingbi，pingjunshendu1.5mi，zuishenchuyue3mi。

　　kunminghuzailishishangshixishanshanluhongjishanqianyuanyouzhongduoquanshuihuijichengdeyikuaizhaozeshidi，cengyouqililuo、dabohudengmingcheng。dangshi，humianzhuyaoxiangdongxiliangmianfazhan，jianzaozheyoujihuadibayuanlaidehuanshangyibufentudiduizaihuzhong，bianchenglehuneixidijisandao。wachudenituyiyuwanshoushanshang，shizheizuoyuanlaijiaodiaideshanqiudaweizenggao。kunminghubeishanmiancheng，beikuannanzhai，xiangnanyanzhang，conggaochuliaowangxingzhuangxiangxinxing，judadehumianhongweierzhuangguan，zaixicejibeicexiangyitiaosidaihuanshanerguo。

优发国际app　　yuandaiguoshoujingweicaoyunzhengheshuiyuan，duikunminghujiayikuojun，kuodalexihudemianji，shichengwengshanbo。zhiyuanershibanian（1291nian），guoshoujingzaikaizaotonghuiheshi，jiangwengshanbozuoweiyunheshangyoudediaojieshuiku，zaiciwazaokuojian，bingtongguoyuheyinyuquan，baifuyanyinchangpingbaifuquandengrubo，bingyuzhiyuanershijiunian（1292nian）xiuzhule10lizhangdexidi。gongchengwanchenghou，shuimiankuodaleshushibei，tongguoshang、xiaerzhakongzhijinchushui。zaiyuhongjijie，beibuketongguoqinghexiehong。

　　mingdaihuzhongduozhihehua，zhouweishuitianzhongzhidaogu。yinweizheiyidaifengjingyoumei，shanshuijujia，mingchaoshiyouwenrenyakezanmeiqi“wanrujiangnanfengjing”“yijunzhishengguan”。chuchunhubingxiaorongyihou，anbiantingpantaohongliulv，qixiangwanqian。kunminghudezuinanduanchengshoulongzhuang，zhujianhuijuyuxiuyiqiao，kunminghushuibiancongzheizuoqiaoxiazhurutongwangbeijingchengdezhanghezhizhong。yanhuanxiangbei，kuankuodehumianshangweibolianyi，qingfengxuxu，niaoniaodeshuiqizirunzheganhelezhenggedongjidebeijingcheng。

　　jibainianlaikunminghuweibeijingdechengshigongshui、hangyun、nongyeguangai、fanghongqidaoleguanjianxingdezuoyong。kunminghuximiandetuanchenghushiweilainanshuibeidiaogongchengdezhongdian，yeshibeijingchengshishuixizuizhongyaodezuchengbufen。

 圆明园福海

　　fuhaidesuozaidiyuanmingyuan，shiqingchaodiwangzai150duonianjianchuangjianhejingyingdeyizuodaxinghuangjiagongyuan，zuoluoyubeijingxijiao，zhandi3.5pingfanggongli，qizhongshuimianmianjiyue1.4pingfanggongli。tajichenglezhongguo3000duoniandeyouxiuzaoyuanchuantong，jiyougongtingjianzhudeyongronghuagui，youyoujiangnanshuixiangyuanlindewenwanduozi，tongshi，yejiquleouzhouyuanlinjianzhuxingshi，jiangbutongfenggedeyuanlinjianzhurongweiyiti，zhengtibujushanghexiemeiguan，zhenkewei“suiyourenzuo，wanzitiankai”。yuanmingyuanbaochileshuitidetianranfengyun，anyuanyoudezhiwupeizhi，xingchengleyisong、zhu、he、liuweizhutidezhiwujingguan。chunjide“taqingjie”、xiajide“hehuajie”、qiujide“juhuajie”、dongjide“youyuanhui”，sijilvyouwenhuahuodongyixingchengtese。xiridehuangjiayuanlin，jinchaochenglerenmindeyouqizhidi，tongshiyiyizhiweizhuti，xingchengleninggudelishiyuchongmanpengboshengjideyuanlinqifenxiangjiehededutelvyoujingguan，jijuyouzhongdadelishijiazhi，youshiyichunandedelvyoushengdi。

　　fuhaiyuanzikangxinianjian，《yangjizhaiconglu》shibajuanjizai，yuan（kangxiciyuanyuanmingyuan，feizhiyuanmingsanyuan）dongyoudongchi，yongzhengjianmingmingfuhai，qu“furudonghai”zhiyi。fuhaizaiyongzhengchaomingmingzhiqiansuchengdongchihuodonghu，qikaizaoniandaikenengweikangximoye，jingyongzhengjiweihoudejinyibukaituocaiyouhoulaideguimo。shiweihu，quebeimingmingwei“hai”，zheiyuzhongguogudaijiayuhuxiaodechuanshuoyouguan。xiangchuan，donghaizhongyou3　zuoshenshan，shanshangyouxianrenjuzhu，haiyouzhangshengbulaoyao。qinshihuangcengpaixufulvtongnantongnvshuqianren，ruhaixunxianjing、qiuxianyao，fuhaidemingmingzhengshiqu“xufuhaizhongqiu”deyuyi，yiqiuhuangdizhangshengbulao，daqingdiguojiangshanyonggu。

　　fuhaihaohankaikuo，bibodangyang，shuimianjinyufangxing，kuanyuewuliubaimi，zongmianjiwei0.28pingfanggongli，jiashangzhouweidexiaoshuiyugongji0.32pingfanggongli。lishishangfuhaizuishenchuda3.8mi，yibanshuimianshenduyeyou2.3mizuoyou，zheiyangdeshenduweimeinianduanwulongzhoujingdujipingridachuanxingshitigonglebaozheng。huanliezhouweide10gebutongxingshidezhoudao，jiangmanzhangdeanxianfenweidaxiaobudengde10geduanluo，linjinshuimiandekaikuodiduanbuliebutongdefengjingdian，chongfenfahuichutamende“dianjing”yu“guanjing”zuoyong。ru“fanghushengjing”“pinghuqiuyue”“zaoshenyude”deng，yufuhaigeerbuduan，ruojiruoli，huweiyinjie，xingchengkailangyuyoushendeduibi。hedaohuanliuyuhaidewaiwei，shikuanshizhai、youkaiyouhe，tongguo10geshuikougoutongfuhaishuimian。daxiaoshuimianhuxiangyituo，xiangyingchengqu，fengfuledanyideshuijing，yexiangzhengzhebaichuanguihai，sifangshuiliujunguifuhai，tixianlesifangguishundeyuyi。qijianjianzhugeshiqiaoliangdianzhuilianxi，jixiaochuleanjiaodejiangzhidandiaogan，youxianshichushuimiandeyuanyuanliuzhang。zhouweiduanxudeduishanbazhongxinshuimiandekaikuokongjianyusizhoudehedaozhanggekai。yanhedaodeyoubididuanzejianzhuxiaoyuan，tongguoshuikoude“xiejing”yinrufuhaidepianduanceyingzuoweipeichen。gongqiangyuhedaozhijianyizhangyitushan，shidangdibagongqiangyanshiqilai。fuhaiyanhuanyidaisuzhuangdanmo，liaokuoshuzhan，jianzhudepeizhicaiyongpingdanshulangdeshoufa，meiyougaodadetilianghereyandesecai，weituchushuimiandekuanguang，sizhouzhuyaoyishushuluoluodejianzhujihuamu、shuijidengzujing。zhongduodeyuanlinjiajing，yiqibutongdeyuanlinjianzhufenggeheshihuayiqugongtongzuchengleyifuhaiweizhongxindepangdafengjingqun，beiyuweirenjianxianjing。